Monday, May 31, 2010

Arts Focus: Abramović on the Great Wall


With the closing today of performance artist Marina Abramović's (born 1946 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia) important retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art, it seems only fitting to point out one of her performance works which took place on the Great Wall of China. From 1976-1988, Abramović collaborated on many thought-provoking performance works with her then-partner, Ulay (Uwe Laysiepen, born 1943 in Solingen, Germany). Their final collaboration simultaneously marked the end of their relationship. "The Lovers: Great Wall Walk" was staged only after extensive negotiation with Chinese authorities. Abramović began walking at the eastern end of the Great Wall, from the Yellow Sea not far from Beijing, and Ulay began his walk from the western end, at Jiayuguan in Gansu Province. After walking for 90 days, the two met in the middle to embrace and say farewell. Their performance was recorded by Murray Grigor for the BBC and turned into a documentary titled "The Great Wall: Lovers at the Brink."

Marina Abramović's statement about their final performance follows:

The earth is small and blue. I am a small crevice in it.
Huang Xiang, 2nd century

Confessions of the Great Wall
From up here, the earth looks small and blue.
Yuri Gagarin, first cosmonaut

Ulay and I end our relations with this project. The concept is to approach each other from the two ends of the Great Wall of China. He begins in the Gobi Desert and I begin at the Yellow Sea; we meet halfway in between. We each walked 2000 kilometers to say good-bye.
Duration: 90 days. Last meeting on June 3, 1988.

This performance was also the subject of a 1999 Ph.D. dissertation by Samantha Krukowski at the University of Texas-Austin titled Performing History: Walking Along Ulay and Abramovic's The Lovers:

Information about the Museum of Modern Art retrospective "Marina Abramović: The Artist Is Present" and a link to the exhibition site may be found here:

Along with live re-enactments by actors of some of her earlier performance pieces, Abramović performed a new work in the Marron Atrium of the Museum of Modern Art in which she sat wordlessly opposite museum-goers. This piece, which ended at 5pm EST today, is her longest performance, beginning each day before the museum opened and ending after it closed, lasting over 700 hours in all.

When the piece was ongoing, a live feed was available on the Museum of Modern Art website. A Flickr set of the museum-goers who sat opposite the artist may be viewed here:

And an article about it can be found here:

During the opening reception, Ulay sat across from Abramović, their first performance together since 1988:

These two works of Marina Abramović, from the Great Wall of China to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, explore themes of human encounter and farewell - the profundity of the space that exists between two people.

Photograph of Marina and Ulay's meeting and farewell on the Great Wall:
http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/the-lovers/images/3/

Thursday, May 27, 2010

Arts Focus: Shanghai Expo


Following in the grand tradition of the Crystal Palace, World's Columbian Exposition, and St. Louis World's Fair, the Shanghai Expo opened on May 1 and will be open until Oct. 30. Shanghai won the bid to hold the expo on December 3, 2002, the first developing nation to do so. The theme of the Shanghai Expo is "Better City, Better Life." An anticipated 70 million visitors are expected to visit pavilions organized by 200 domestic, international, and corporate participants, welcomed by the mascot Haibao (pictured above).

A photo gallery of the pavilions, some of them truly extraordinary structures, may be found at the following link:

The official website of the expo is here:

The significance of the Shanghai Expo to international relations is analyzed in the following article, which also describes the expo as "China's new showcase to the world."

If your summer travel plans include a trip to the Shanghai Expo, leave a comment!

Thursday, April 8, 2010

Local Interest: Lecture by Prof. Gao Minglu

Prof. Gao Minglu, a specialist in contemporary Chinese art, will speak at LSU on Wednesday, April 14 at 5pm in 103 Design. Prof. Gao is Head of Fine Arts at the Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts in China and Research Professor at the Department of History of Art and Architecture at the University of Pittsburgh. He was the curator of the first national exhibition of contemporary art in China, the China/Avant-Garde exhibition at the National Art Gallery in Beijing in 1989 as well as the editor of China's leading art journal, Meishu (Fine Arts) during the 1980s. Prof. Gao was educated at the Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing, and received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 2000. Since then, he has curated many exhibitions and written seminal publications on various aspects of contemporary Chinese art.

This event is free and open to the public. For more information about the lecture, please visit http://www.design.lsu.edu/.

Further information about Prof. Gao's work may be found at the following two sites:
http://tinyurl.com/yeodjvh
http://www.artresearchcenter.org/HomepageEnglish.asp

Finally, a brief history of the development and exhibitions of Chinese contemporary art may be found at the following two links:
http://bigthink.com/ideas/4999
http://fathom.lib.uchicago.edu/1/777777122473/

Monday, March 22, 2010

Local Interest: Buddhist Symbols in Tibetan Art

Louisiana ArtWorks in New Orleans will host a presentation by the Tibetan Buddhist monk Venerable Tsering Phunstok on symbols in Tibetan Buddhist art next Monday, March 29 at 7pm. The event is free and open to the public; the suggested donation is $3.

For the announcement regarding the event, see the following link:
http://buddhistartnews.wordpress.com/2010/03/22/buddhist-symbols-in-tibetan-art/

The website for Louisiana ArtWorks, a non-profit organization described as "a nexus for creative work, education, exhibitions and marketing" is located here:
http://www.louisianaartworks.org/

The event does not yet appear on the calendar on their website, so it's probably a good idea to call ahead first. In addition to public events of this type, Louisiana ArtWorks also features exhibitions and a shop selling work by local artists.

Sunday, February 14, 2010

Pop Culture: New Year's Lion Dance


Today, February 14, 2010 is the Lunar New Year (also called the Chinese New Year), celebrated broadly across Asia in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, Malaysia, as well as Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Laos, and Vietnam, Korea, Tibet, Mongolia, and Bhutan. It is also celebrated elsewhere in Chinese overseas communities. One of the most characteristic festivities of the day (besides lots of feasting and merry-making) is the lion dance.

The lion dance is typically performed by a pair of brightly-attired dancers, one of whom wears the lion's head and the other who brings up the rear. (There is also a dragon dance in which multiple dancers make up the winding body of the dragon.) Accompanied by percussion instruments and firecrackers, the movements of the dancers are rooted in the martial arts and the dancers themselves often represent different martial arts schools. The lion dance has different meanings: to bring good luck or to frighten away evil spirits.

Here are some links to YouTube videos of lion dance performances. The last link is an example of an updated hip-hop version of the lion dance.





Happy Year of the Tiger!

Sunday, January 31, 2010

Resources: The Asian Art Museum on YouTube


The Asian Art Museum - Chong-Moon Lee Center for Asian Art and Culture in San Francisco's Civic Center houses one of the foremost collections of Asian art in the United States and is in fact the largest museum in the United States devoted entirely to the arts of Asia. The museum opened in 1966 with a donation of artworks from the private collection of Chicago industrialist Avery Brundage, who is also known for his tenure as president of the International Olympic Committee from 1952-1972. Over time, Brundage continued to donate works from his collection to the museum; his gifts total over 7,700 objects of the now 17,000 objects strong and growing collection.

Recently, the Asian Art Museum set up its own YouTube channel with videos covering a diverse selection of topics ranging from Chinese calligraphy and Korean ceramics to Buddhist sites in India. The videos are beautifully filmed, narrated by the museum's curators and other professionals and scholars in the field, and are a great way to learn more about Asian art and architecture, art-making techniques and conservation, and Asian religions and history. Some of the videos introduce special exhibits at the Asian Art Museum and are filmed on-site; others are shot on locations in Asia.

The Asian Art Museum's YouTube channel may be accessed here:

And the website of the Asian Art Museum is located here:

Happy viewing!

Sunday, January 10, 2010

Local Interest: Biking and Blogging

Baton Rouge native and Georgetown University graduate Evan Villarrubia has embarked upon a year-long bicycling trip through China. After graduating from Georgetown with a degree in Chinese, he worked in Beijing for an American construction company in order to save money for his trip. There, he met his traveling partners: Andy Keller, a fellow American, and Alexis Lerognon, from France.

Villarrubia's blog chronicles his quest to observe the everyday lives of the "laobaixing" ("LBX"), or common people: children playing in parks, men flying kites, migrant workers, and villagers. Having departed from Beijing, the journey is taking the three along the southeastern coast of China to the southwest, then up through Tibet and Inner Mongolia and back to Beijing.

A recent hometown article about Villarrubia appears here:
http://www.2theadvocate.com/features/80873222.html?showAll=y&c=y

And the link for his blog may be accessed here:
http://www.portraitofanlbx.com/

For anyone wondering exactly how far a degree in Chinese can take you, the answer is more than 7000 miles. True cycling afficionados will also appreciate the discussion of more technical matters!

Thursday, December 24, 2009

Newsworthy: Christmastime in China


Many of the Christmas decorations that adorn American homes, shopping centers, and public places are actually made in China (where Christmas exists primarily as a commercial holiday).

A major wholesale market for Christmas goods is located in the city of Yiwu, in Zhejiang Province. The brief article below introduces you to some of the vendors in the Christmas market in Yiwu:

http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/shop/yiwu-twoandahalf-hours-christmas-889738

This video tour takes you around the market and introduces some of the buyers, who come not only from the U.S. but from around the world to buy Christmas goods for resale in their home countries:

http://tinyurl.com/ybkj3rp

Meanwhile, the manufacturing city of Dongguan in Guangdong Province has seen an upsurge in the demand for Christmas goods which in turn has created a shortage of workers:

http://157.166.224.109/video/news/2009/12/23/n_china_labor_crunch_xmas.cnnmoney/

The situation this year is a far cry from the economic downturn in 2008 which caused massive layoffs in the toy factories of Dongguan:

http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1862717,00.html

Happy Holidays and see you back here in 2010!

Sunday, November 1, 2009

5 Questions: Yixuan Chen


Yixuan Chen is the manager of a gallery in New York City that specializes in Asian art and has lived in New York City for 12 years, much of that time as a student or as an employee in the art field. In this interview, we’ll talk to Yixuan about her work and any advice that she has for students who are interested in pursuing careers in the art market and about trends in the Asian art market.

Q: Yixuan, can you tell us a little bit about how your interest in Asian art developed?

I majored in studio art in college in Taipei, Taiwan, spending most of my time learning Western art techniques. My interest in Asian art developed after I began to practice ink painting, an art form unique to China and its neighboring countries. I practiced line drawing using ink and brush on rice paper, learning by making paintings after images such as the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Groove (Six Dynasties, on pottery molded bricks). I think that my early training in art school gave me insight into understanding Asian art forms such as ink painting.

Q: What was your educational background before you started working in the art world? Are there any suggestions that you have for students about what types of classes they should take or whether they should go to graduate school before pursuing a career in the art world?

Upon graduating from art school, I decided to do something else, partly because I did not know how to build a career as an artist, run a studio, look for an agent, and sell my own art. I also did not feel the urge to make art as a career.

After working for one year as an administrative assistant in a writer’s club in Taipei (somewhat art-related), I came to New York City to pursue a master's degree in Arts Administration. It was just the right kind of training I was looking for—the how-tos of running a not-for-profit art organization: forming a board of trustees, writing a by-law, review a balance sheet, fund-raising, marketing, programming, recruiting volunteers, and working with interns. While learning about management issues, I had a better sense of positioning a visual artist in the art field. It’s much more than making great art for art’s sake.

I think a master’s degree will be beneficial in the long run, if you have the opportunity to work in a large institution, regardless of which department. Careers in education, curatorial, and editorial do require at least master’s degree in art history or literature or education; after a few years you’d find it’s necessary to get a PhD in order to advance your career in the same field. You don’t need a master’s degree to get a gallery job, but after working for a few years, based on your observation in the field, you may decide to go back to school for an advanced degree in art history or MBA or law. Go for a master’s degree only if and when you really want it, and be sure to take advantage of building professional contacts.

Q: What is a typical day at your job? How many employees do you work with, and what type of work does each of you do? Are there certain times of the year when you’re especially busy at the gallery?

Now working in a gallery specializing in premodern Asian art, a typical day would be to follow up with clients, or keeping on top of projects (such as advertising or exhibition catalogues), and dealing with walk-in clients or random phone/email requests. The gallery guarantees the authenticity and age of every item, which is supported by extensive research and connoisseurship. The gallery has a very small staff: another colleague and I work full-time, and the gallery owner works seven days a week. The gallery also has a part-time bookkeeper and a part-time junior staff member. We do all of the research, manage inventory, prepare incoming and outgoing shipments/packing, deal with client and public inquiries, order stationary and supplies, as well as fix the copy machine.

The busiest time of the year is March, over a two-week period when NYC auction houses hold their spring Asian Art auctions. Art fairs are held in two locations in Manhattan, and many overseas galleries rent local gallery spaces to present their special exhibitions at the same time. Our gallery also holds a special exhibition accompanied with an exhibition catalogue. We often see collectors and curators around the world during this intense period of time.

Q: Do you have any advice for students who plan to look for jobs in the art world? Obviously, New York City is a major center for the art world. Is it feasible to pursue a career in the art world outside of New York City?

I think my experience probably only applies to New York City, but as a rule of thumb, networking is extremely helpful in getting a job in the art field. I got my first job through an internship, and my former boss was very generous in referring me to all kinds of freelance opportunities. When I see a job opening within the institution I naturally would recommend the best interns I’ve worked with. There are a lot of art jobs in New York, but there is a lot of competition, too. There are many qualified resumes so it’s better to have someone recommending you and perhaps you’d get an interview.

Art jobs don’t always pay well in NYC, especially not-for-profits like museums. There is an abundant of talent in the job market so art institutions don’t have to offer high salaries to attract competent staff. Similar positions outside of NYC probably pay the same type of salary, but the cost of living is lower.

Q: In light of the current economic recession, what is the market like right now for Asian art? Are there certain areas of Asian art that are especially attractive to collectors right now?

The current recession has no effect on top quality works of art, but the mid and low range items have retained their selling prices and may be harder to sell. At the same time, “provenance” has become a highly political issue in the US, so Asian art from old collections with good documentation have been bringing high prices. The Chinese buying power has been driving Ming-Qing (14th-early 20th centuries) items made for the imperial court to record prices, a significant shift compared to 20 years ago when Japanese buying power was promoting classical Tang and Song (7th-13th centuries) ceramics. Good art does not equal high price tags—trend, taste, politics, and the economy all play a part in the market.

Thank you, Yixuan, for sharing your experiences with us!

(Section from an ink rubbing of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, 2nd half of the 5th century, from
www.metmuseum.org, click to enlarge)

Tuesday, October 20, 2009

Local Interest: Japan Fest at NOMA

On Sunday, November 8 from 10am-4pm, the New Orleans Museum of Art will host a Japan Fest featuring Japanese traditional music, folk dancing and martial arts demonstrations, plus food, games, crafts and more at the Museum and the surrounding City Park grounds. The event is billed as "the largest annual celebration of Japanese culture in the Gulf South."

Japan Fest is free for Louisiana residents, and outdoor activities are free for everyone. Museum admission for out-of-state visitors is $8 for adults, $7 for seniors and $4 for children. For more information, please visit: http://www.noma.org/special.html.

Sunday, October 18, 2009

Newsworthy: Cultural Diplomacy and Censorship

The Frankfurt Book Fair, the largest book trade event in the world, recently became the focus of controversy on account of a public tug of war between cultural diplomacy and censorship, and between China's status as the "honored guest" at the Book Fair and the simultaneous presence of Chinese dissident writers. The planning between the fair's organizers and Chinese publication officials had been in the works since 2006 and covered delicate topics such as whether or not political dissidents, government critics, or other controversial figures such as the Dalai Lama or Rebiya Kadeer could be present. The controversy began at a conference preceding the Book Fair, titled "China and the World — Perceptions and Realities," over the participation of two Chinese dissident writers. Despite the fact that the Chinese government relented on the issue of whether or not to allow dissidents and government critics to attend the Book Fair, German newspaper headlines proclaiming "China, the Unwelcome Guest" left members of the Chinese delegation feeling unfairly criticized and unwelcome.

An article about the Frankfurt Book Fair can be found here:

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/19/world/asia/19books.html?hp=&pagewanted=all

The official website for "China - Tradition and Innovation, Guest of Honor 2009 Frankfurt Book Fair" can be viewed here:

http://www.fbf2009china.com/frankfurteren/Index.html

Sunday, October 11, 2009

Pop Culture: Over the Moon

In belated recognition of the Mid-Autumn Festival, traditionally celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month of the Chinese lunar calender (celebrated this year on October 3), here are photographs of luscious mooncakes, the delicacies associated with the festival, from Flickr:

http://www.flickr.com/search/?q=mooncake&w=all#page=0

The Mid-Autumn Festival commemorates the autumnal equinox, when the moon is roundest and brightest, and was historically celebrated as a harvest festival. A legend associated with the festival is that of the valorous Hou Yi and his beautiful wife Chang'e. One variation of the tale posits that Hou Yi was an archer who shot down nine of the ten suns in the sky, thereby saving the earth's crops from being scorched by the extra suns. As a reward, Hou Yi was subsequently gifted with an elixir for immortality. However, unbeknownst to him, his wife Chang'e swallowed the elixir, which promptly caused her to float up to the heavens and onto the moon. Only on the days when the moon is fullest is Hou Yi able to visit his wife.

Therefore, eating the round delicacies known as mooncakes commemorates the reunion between Hou Yi and Chang'e. Mooncakes measure between 3-4 inches in diameter and are about 2 inches thick. They consist of a thin, dense crust filled with sweet fillings such as red bean paste or lotus seed paste. The skin is then imprinted with characters or decorative motifs. New-fangled mooncakes may be filled with green tea or coffee-flavored fillings, and even ice cream. Their popularity and ubiquity in China is such that they can even be ordered at Starbuck's alongside a cup of joe.

Arts Focus: Setting "Semele"

This is hardly new news, but the Chinese artist Zhang Huan has designed and directed a production of George Frideric Handel's (1685-1759) opera "Semele" in a project co-organized by Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie in Brussels and the KT Wong Foundation in London that commemorates the 250th anniversary of the composer's death. Zhang worked with an international team of choreographers, designers, and performers in order to realize the production that opened on September 8. It will then travel to China in 2010.

In the following interview, Zhang discusses the experience of working on the opera in addition to providing a behind-the-scenes view:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuGSHjVyXM8

An article about the opera can be found here:

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/17/arts/17iht-LOOMIS.html?_r=1&ref=arts

Zhang's set designs for the opera touch upon universal themes of the encounters between gods and humans by using a Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) ancestral temple built of wood for the primary backdrop, which can be seen prominently in an image from the following article:

http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=32034

Moreover, his work on this project ties together his early excursions into performance art when he lived in the "East Village" of Beijing during the mid-1990s, and introduces yet another layer of interpretation, from ancient Greek myth to Baroque opera to the 21st century international stage.

Wednesday, September 30, 2009

Newsworthy: China's National Day

October 1, 2009 marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. News coverage of the National Day festivities is beginning to trickle in. The following article from the Wall Street Journal reports on the grand military parade that progressed toward Tiananmen Square in Beijing, as well as changes in National Day celebrations over the years that reflect growing prosperity and modernization in China:

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125436303133555023.html?mod=WSJ_hpp_MIDDLTopStories

The following piece from the BBC reflects upon 60 years of change in China through personal interviews and reminiscences:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8281431.stm

Finally, an audio slideshow provides a fascinating analysis of modern Chinese art from propagandist images of the Mao era to the 21st century international marketplace. The theme of change that is evoked elsewhere in the news media on this occasion is nowhere more apparent than when viewing the dramatic transformation in visual imagery between then and now.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8279176.stm

Tuesday, September 22, 2009

Pop Culture: Ikea, Here and Abroad

Consumers in China really, really like Ikea. They just don't like to buy things there. A stroll through Ikea Beijing, which opened in 1999, reveals consumers walking through displays, handling merchandise, even taking naps on the furniture, but rarely making major purchases. Some are merely there for the refreshing air-conditioning or for the inexpensive cafeteria meals.

Sound strange? Not at all, from the perspective of young parents who frequent Ikea stores in the United States for the free play centers, wallet-friendly cafes, and even free wi-fi. More bang for the buck (or for no buck at all) is certainly a marketing strategy that consumers both in China and the United States can agree with.

For an article on Ikea Beijing, go here:
http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-china-ikea25-2009aug25,0,3900096,full.story

And for an article on Ikea in the U.S.:
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/11/garden/11ikea.html?_r=1

Arts Focus: The Fabric of Indian Society


Indian fashion designer Sabyasachi Mukherjee is endeavoring to bring back the use of khadi, homespun fabric, into contemporary Indian fashion. Khadi is made from cotton, silk, or wool which is handspun into threads and then woven by hand. Due to the way it is produced, the fabric has a rougher feel than machine-made fabric.

One of the enduring images of the 20th century is that of Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) seated beside a spinning wheel. Throughout the 1920s during the Indian struggle for independence, Gandhi advocated a return to the making and use of khadi, which symbolized self-reliance and a rejection of foreign machine-made textiles. Moreover, Gandhi believed that the separation of production and consumption of consumer goods resulted in the exploitation of workers, another reason for his promotion of khadi.

According to Mukherjee, khadi is "refined, sophisticated, eco-friendly and comfortable" although it "has too long been regarded as the poor man's fabric." In order to bring khadi back into fashion, he is reaching out to Bollywood stars and international celebrities who wear his designs out in public, often to great acclaim. He has also established cooperatives of craftswomen in rural areas across India. Nevertheless, due to the handmade nature of the fabric, his designs are extremely expensive. But the price may be worth it in order to preserve traditional textile-making techniques in India.

An article about Sabyasachi Mukherjee can be found here:

Photograph of Mahatma Gandhi by Margaret Bourke-White, 1946, Time-Life

Wednesday, September 9, 2009

Newsworthy: Lucky Day

September 9 (9/9) is considered an auspicious day because the number 9 (jiu) in Chinese is a homonym for the word meaning "for a long time." Therefore, the two 9s taken together mean "long-lasting." The fact that the year is 2009 adds to the auspiciousness of the day.

The couple pictured in this link was just one out of tens of thousands in China who chose to marry on this day because of its auspiciousness:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8246078.stm

The article below discusses how local officials responded to the great demand for weddings on 9/9/09:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8245765.stm

However, I wonder how well a Wednesday wedding would go over in the U.S., auspicious day or not!

Monday, September 7, 2009

Arts Focus: Ananda Coomaraswamy

On September 17, Sotheby's New York is due to hold an auction of modern and contemporary South Asian art, as well as six miniature paintings from the collection of Ananda Coomaraswamy (1877-1947). Ananda Coomaraswamy was born in Sri Lanka (then known as Ceylon) to a Tamil father and English mother; after the death of his father when he was only two years old, the young Coomaraswamy moved with his family to England, where he was educated. He studied geology and botany at university, and returned to his homeland between the years 1902-1906 in order to conduct research on Ceylonese mineralogy. During this period of time, an abiding interest in the arts was kindled. Coomaraswamy wrote a book on the premodern art of Sri Lanka, having been deeply influenced by the theories of William Morris, a leading figure of the Arts and Crafts movement who valorized handicrafts above machine-made goods. In India, he associated with well-known intellectuals such as Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941).

In 1917, Coomaraswamy came to the United States in order to serve as the first curator of Indian art at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston; he was in fact the first curator of Indian art in any museum in the U.S. He worked at the Museum of Fine Arts until his death in 1947. One area in which he specialized was the study of miniature paintings. For this reason, the sale of six paintings from his collection next week is a significant event.

One of Coomaraswamy's major contributions to the study of miniature painting was his research on Mughal and Rajput painting. The Muslim Mughals, originating from Central Asia, ruled over much of the Indian subcontinent between the 16th-18th centuries. The Hindu Rajputs ruled over the princely states of northwestern India. The paintings produced by Mughal court painters were influenced by Persian painting styles. Over time, the Persian painting styles had an impact on Rajput painting as well, reflecting the political alliances that developed between the Mughals and Rajputs.

The e-catalogue for the Sotheby's auction can be viewed here:
http://catalogue.sothebys.com/events/N08566

Unfortunately, the captions don't identify which paintings are from the Coomaraswamy collection, but the article below on the Sotheby's auction identifies one of them as a painting illustrating a jataka tale (a story of the Buddha's past lives) dating 1780-1790.

http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=32819

Saturday, August 29, 2009

Arts Focus: Lords of the Samurai

An interesting debate is forming about an exhibit on view until September 20 at the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco entitled "Lords of the Samurai." Samurai were warriors in premodern Japan. The title alludes to the Hosokawa clan, who were daimyo, or regional lords who grew to prominence after the establishment of military rule in Japan during the Kamakura Period (1185-1333). The exhibit features artworks such as paintings, tea utensils, armor, and swords from the Hosokawa family collection in Japan.

However, critics of the exhibit who view it as presenting an orientalizing and exoticizing view of Japanese history have established a spoof website. The banner at the top of the main page reads "Asians Art Museum: Where Asian Still Means Oriental." Among the criticisms leveled against the exhibit are claims that the focus on samurai valorizes warfare, presents an uncritical look at bushido, or the way of the samurai, and that it reduces seven centuries of martial rule to "a single Disney-like trope of gentleman-warrior myth."

Without having seen the exhibit personally, all I can comment upon are the original and spoof websites, and offer up some food for thought. Members of the warrior class played a pivotal role throughout Japanese history as patrons and connoisseurs of the arts, as well as establishing a close religious and artistic connection with Zen Buddhist monks. The selection of objects in the exhibit seems to illustrate the multi-faceted role of samurai in Japanese society well. On the other hand, much of the content on the exhibition website appears to focus upon the martial rather than cultural aspects of the samurai, offering features such as "Making a Samurai Sword," "Explore Samurai Armor," and "The Code of the Samurai."

Lastly, Prof. Morgan Pitelka from Occidental College has written a thoughtful blog post analyzing the role played by museums in disseminating information to the public. He writes that "I have long argued that museums are probably the most important scholarly site in the world we live in for mass education about other nations and cultures." Furthermore, he writes that "Most museum professionals are entirely aware of the incredible responsibility they have in putting on exhibitions that often substitute for a nation’s entire history. Curators know that visitors might feel that having visited a show on the samurai, they have in effect visited Japan itself. This is the wonderful power and also the great danger of the museum; it reduces social and cultural complexity, not to mention historical variation and diversity, to a few beautiful objects."

Not having seen the exhibit personally, it is difficult to comment further, but several questions come to mind. First of all, how representative of the exhibit is the exhibition website? Secondly, do museums "package" exhibitions differently for academics than for the general public? Lastly, are the critiques of the spoof website fair or are the critics themselves misrepresenting the exhibit?

Lords of the Samurai website:
http://www.asianart.org/Samurai.htm

Spoof website:
http://www.asiansart.org/samurai1.html

Interview with the critics behind the spoof website:
http://www.8asians.com/2009/08/28/8-questions-for-asians-arts-museum/

Prof. Pitelka's blog post:
http://www.froginawell.net/japan/2009/08/samurai-exhibit-pwned/
(links above courtesy of his blog post)

Friday, August 28, 2009

Pop Culture: Jump Around

Strictly for weekend chuckles, a creative interpretation of a dance sequence starring the Bollywood actress Aishwarya Rai in "Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam" (Straight from the Heart), released in 1999. Note: the intricate carving on the pillars is characteristic of Rajasthan and Gujarat, where the film was shot. Serious posts to resume shortly!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7HZf7k2gTo